POLITY CLASS-VI chapter -3 UPSC short Revision
WHAT IS GOVERNMENT?
The Government
➤ As we know, human beings live and work together, so some rules have to be made that apply to everyone, and there needs to be some amount of organisation to make rules and regulations.
➤Governments do this on behalf of their people by exercising leadership, taking decisions and implementing laws.
Role of the Government
➤ Government decides many things such as building roads and schools, controlling inflation, ways to effective distribution of resources, maintaining peace with other countries.
➤Government also takes action on many social issues -for example, it has several programmes to help the poor, running of postal and railway services.
➤ It is responsible for ensuring that all its citizens have enough to eat and have good health facilities and helps the citizen during natural disasters such as tsunamis, earthquakes, etc.
➤Judiciary (courts) is an important organ of the government.
➤The government works at different levels: the local level, the state level, and the national level.
➤The government functions by making laws, and everyone who lives in the country follows these laws.
Types of Government
Democratic
➤In a democratic government, the people elect their government through voting.
➤In a democracy the government has to explain its actions and defend its decisions to the people.
Monarchy
➤Another form of government is the monarchy. The monarch (king or queen) has the power to make decisions and run the government.
➤The monarch may have a small group of people to discuss matters with, but the final decision-making power remains with the monarch.
➤A Kings and Queens do not have to explain their actions or defend the decisions they make.
Democratic Government
➤ India is a democracy.
➤The main feature of a democracy is that the people have the power to elect their leaders.
➤Democratic governments are usually referred to as Representative democracies.
➤ In Representative democracies people do not participate directly but choose their representatives through an election process.
➤These representatives meet and make decisions for the entire population.
➤A democratic government allows Universal Adult Franchise. This means that all adults in the country are allowed to vote.
➤Young India was a weekly paper (in English) started by Mahatma Gandhi where he popularised the demand for Swaraj.
