Rural and urban Administration UPSC short Revision
Polity ncert class 6 chapter - 6
Maintenance of Land Record
➤Patwari measures land and keeps land records.
➤The Patwari is known by different names in different states such as Lekhpal, Karamchari, Kanungo, and L Village Officers, etc.
➤Each Patwari is responsible for a group of villages.
➤The Patwari maintains and updates the records of the village.
➤The Patwari is also responsible for organising the collection of land revenue from the farmers and providing information to the government about the crops grown in the area.
Division of States
➤ All states in India are divided into districts.
➤The districts are further sub-divided and are known by different names such as tehsil, taluka, etc., for managing the matters related to land.
➤The head of the district is the District Collector and under him/her are the revenue officers, also known as Tehsildars.
➤They also supervise the work of the Patwaris and ensure that records are properly kept and land revenue is collected.
➤Land disputes are heard at the Tehsildar office.
Hindu Succession Amendment Act, 2005
➤This new law provides equal land share to sons, daughters, and their mothers in Hindu families after the father's death.
➤The law is applicable to all states and union territories of the country.
➤ It benefits a large number of women.
Urban Administration
➤ The Municipal Corporation overlooks the administration at the urban level.
➤The Municipal Corporation is responsible for ensuring the cleanliness of city.
➤It also runs schools, hospitals and dispensaries.
➤The city is divided into different wards and ward councillors get elected.
➤The complicated decisions that affect the entire city are taken by groups of councillors who form committees to decide and debate issues.
➤ The Councillor's Committees and the councillors decide on issues, the Commissioner and the administrative staff implement these.
➤The Ward Councillors try to ensure that the particular demands of their wards are placed before the entire council.
➤ The Commissioner and the administrative staff are appointed while councillors are elected.
➤ The work in the city is divided into different departments like the water department, the garbage collection department, a department to look after gardens, roads, etc.
➤The Municipal Corporation gets money from taxes such as property tax, water tax, etc.
